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Designation by Standards

Steel No. Ravne DIN EN AISI JIS ГОСТ
2365 UTOP33 32CrMoV12-28 - H10 SKD7 3Ch3M3F


Chemical Composition (in weight %)

C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni V W Others
0.32 0.25 0.30 2.95 2.80 - 0.55 - -


Description
Hot work, chromium-molybdenum type tool steel that exhibits excellent resistance to softening at elevated tempertaure. This grade is very reistant to thermal fatique cracking (heat cracking), and can be water cooled in service.

Applications
It is recommended for difficult hot work tooling applications such as hot punches, forging dies, hot shear blades, extrusion tooling.

Physical properties (avarage values) at ambient temperature
Modulus of elasticity [103 x N/mm2]: 207, 176 (at 500oC), 165 (at 600oC)
Density [g/cm3]: 7.88, 7.69 (at 500oC), 7.65 (at 600oC)
Thermal conductivity [W/m.K]: 30.0, 30.1 (at 500oC), 29.7 (at 600oC)
Electric resistivity [Ohm mm2/m]: 0.37, 0.78 (at 500oC), 0.89 (at 600oC)
Specific heat capacity[J/g.K]: 0.46, 0.55 (at 500oC), 0.59 (at 600oC)

Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion 10-6 oC-1

20-100oC 20-200oC 20-300oC 20-400oC 20-500oC 20-600oC 20-700oC
12.6 13.3 13.8 14.2 14.6 15.1 15.4


Soft Annealing
Heat to 780-810oC, cool slowly in furnace. This will produce a maximum Brinell hardness of 229.

Stress Relieving
Stress relieving to remove machining stresses should be carried out by heating to 600-650oC, holding for one hour at heat, followed by air cooling. This operation is performed to reduce distortion during heat treatment. Hardness after quenching is 44-54 HRC.

Hardening
Harden from a temperature of 1010-1050oC followed by air, oil quenching or warm bath quenching 450-450oC.

Tempering
Tempering temperature: 538-621oC, double tempering is required.

Tempering Temperature (oC) vs. Hardness (HRC) vs. Tensile Strength (N/mm2)

100oC 200oC 300oC 400oC 500oC 550oC 600oC 650oC 700oC
51 50 49 49 49 50 48 41 29
1730 1680 1620 1620 1620 1680 1570 1300 940


Forging
Hot forming temperature: 1100-900oC.

Machinability
90-95% of a 1% carbon steel.

Corrosion Resistance
Corrosion resistance of this alloy is better than that of plain carbon steels. However it will rust unless given protective treatment.

Remark
All technical information is for reference only.