Designation by Standards
| Steel No. | DIN | EN | AISI | JIS | ГОСТ |
| 1.2080 | X210Cr12 | X210Cr12 | D3 | SKD1 | Ch12 |
Chemical Composition (in weight %)
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ni | V | W | Others |
| 2.05 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 11.50 | - | - | - | - | - |
Description
D3 steel is an oil hardening, high carbon/chromium type tool steel with very high wear resistance. It hardens with a very slight change in size. The alloy possesses very high compressive strength and is deep hardening.
Applications
Cutting tools, stamping, woodworking, drawing, deep drawing and pressing tools, cold working rolls, measuring tools.
Physical properties (avarage values) at ambient temperature
Modulus of elasticity [103 x N/mm2]: 210
Density [g/cm3]: 7.67
Thermal conductivity [W/m.K]: 20.0
Electric resistivity [Ohm mm2/m]: 0.65
Specific heat capacity[J/g.K]: 0.46
Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion 10-6 oC-1
| 20-100oC | 20-200oC | 20-300oC | 20-400oC | 20-500oC | 20-600oC | 20-700oC |
| 11.7 | 12.0 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 13.3 | 13.6 | 14.0 |
Soft Annealing
Heat to 800-840oC, cool slowly. This will produce a maximum Brinell hardness of 250. To secure uniform softness.
Stress Relieving
Stress relieving to remove machining stresses should be carried out by heating to 650oC, holding for one hour at heat, followed by air cooling. This operation is performed to reduce distortion during heat treatment.
Hardening
Harden from a temperature of 940-980oC followed by oil quenching or warm bath approx. 400oC. Hardness after quenching is 64-66 HRC.
For small parts up to thickness 30 mm. Harden from a temperature of 960-100oC followed by air, comompressed air quenching. Hardness after quenching is 63-65 HRC.
Tempering
Tempering temperature: 150-400oC.
Tempering Temperature (oC) vs. Hardness (HRC)
| 100oC | 200oC | 300oC | 400oC | 500oC | 600oC |
| 64 | 62 | 60 | 57 | 53 | 42 |
Forging
Hot forming temperature: 1050-850oC.
Machinability
The machinability rating of D3 is roughly 25 % that of free machining carbon steel 1018. Due to its abrasion resistant nature, machining in the hardened condition should be limited to finish grinding.
Remark
All technical information is for reference only.